Nursing Care Plan for Meningitis

Meningitis is inflammation of the meninges, the covering of the brain and spinal cord. It is most often caused by infection (bacterial, viral, or fungal), but can also be produced by chemical irritation, subarachnoid haemorrhage, cancer and other conditions.
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Signs of meningitis as follows :

• fever
• headache
• stiff neck
• photophobia and vomiting
• confused (possible)

Septicemia patients usually do not show the existence of neurologic failure, but patients showed the existence of:

• circulatory changes
• decreased peripheral perfusion
• tachycardia
• tachypnoe
• hypotension
• ptechie as an indication of the patients had bacteremia by meningococcal

Assessment

Always use the ABCDE approach to assessment


Airway

• Make sure the airway clearance
• Prepare tools to facilitate the airway if necessary
• If there is a decrease in respiratory function immediately contact an anesthesiologist and treated in the ICU

Breathing

• Assess respiratory rate - less than 8 or over 30 is a significant sign.
• Assess oxygen saturation
• Perform blood gas
• Give oxygen
• Chest auscultation
• Make checks thoracic photo

Circulation

• Assess heart rate - more than 100 or less than 40 x / min is a significant sign
• Monitoring blood pressure
• Check the capillary refill time
• Attach infusion using a large cannula
• Replace catheter
• Check the laboratory for complete blood, urine, electrolyte
• Perform blood cultures
• Perform a throat swab for culture and sensitivity
• Record the temperature

Disability

• Assess level of consciousness by using AVPU
• Obserasi focal neurological signs

Exposure

• Assess the ptechie

Sign of the threat to life

If the patient shows signs of distress showing patients should be brought immediately to the ICU as for the sign as follows:

• Redness more
• CRT more than 4 seconds
• Oliguria
• Breathing is less than 8 or more than 30 per minute
• Heart rate less than 40 or more than 140 times per minute
• Signs of impairment of consciousness
• Focal neurology
• Convulsions
• Bradycardia and hypertension
• Papiloedema

Nursing Care Plan for Meningitis